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While a thorough history and physical examination are the most important instruments in evaluating shoulder pain, musculoskeletal imaging can be an important adjunct. While there are a number of studies which indicate diagnostic imaging is underutilized such as x-rays identifying fractures or bone scans identifying osteoporosis, there are also many more studies which suggest over utilization of imaging, such as X-rays or MRI for acute and uncomplicated shoulder pain. Some researchers have suggested the increase in use of diagnostic imaging including x-ray, diagnostic ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for shoulder pathology is possibly related to the challenges in classification of shoulder pain and low levels of practitioner confidence in making an accurate clinical diagnosis, specifically a pathoanatomic diagnosis. Unnecessary imaging will not only potentially squander financial resources, increase the failure rate of conservative physiotherapy and and increase potential for premature surgery, so it is key to understand and recognise when imaging is appropriate. Imaging such as MRI, X-ray, CT Scans, and Bone Scans are prime examples of practical diagnostic imaging that facilitates accurate diagnosis, prognosis, intervention, and assessment of injuries and dysfunction that physiotherapists' address daily.